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December 4, 2025
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Agrovoltaics as a solution to climate change and rural sustainability Climate change is redefining the way we manage our natural resources. In this context, agrovoltaic is emerging as a key technology for addressing environmental and social challenges by offering a combination of agricultural production and renewable energy on the same land. But how can agrovoltaics help mitigate the effects of climate change and promote sustainability in rural areas? Below, we explore its main impacts.
One of the greatest benefits of agrovoltaics is its ability to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. CO2 and other greenhouse gases, by replacing conventional energy sources with clean solar energy. By generating renewable electricity on agricultural land, the use of fossil fuels is avoided and a transition towards a more sustainable development model is promoted.
It is estimated that a 1 MW agrivoltaic system can prevent the emission of up to 1,000 tonnes of CO2 per year, equivalent to the annual emissions of 200 cars.
In agrovoltaic projects in Japan and FranceThis reduction in emissions has been one of the main incentives for its implementation.
Climate change is causing an increase in the frequency of droughts, soil erosion and loss of fertilityThe photovoltaic modules installed in agrovoltaic systems act as a protective cover, reducing the soil's exposure to direct radiation and erosion from rain. This is thanks to the anchoring provided by the plant roots.
Less water evaporation, which helps maintain soil moisture.
Protection against erosion caused by wind and heavy rain.
Increase in biomass and microbiological activity in the soil, promoting its fertility.
In pilot projects in MurciaIt has been demonstrated that the shade provided by solar panels can increase water retention in the soil by 15%, reducing the need for irrigation.
Water scarcity is one of the main challenges of climate change, especially in agricultural regions. Agrovoltaics can play a key role in efficient water management, by reducing evaporation and allowing for more efficient irrigation systems.
In vineyards under agrovoltaic systems, a 20% reduction in water consumption has been achieved without affecting production quality.
Photovoltaic modules can also be integrated with rainwater harvesting systems, providing an additional source for irrigation.
Agrovoltaic systems can contribute to biodiversity protection and restoration in rural areas, by creating favourable habitats for local species. The vegetation growing between the modules can attract pollinators such as bees and butterflies, as well as providing shelter for small wildlife species.
Increased presence of pollinators, which are essential for crops.
Reduced pesticide use by promoting ecological balance.
Creation of biological corridors connecting fragmented ecosystems.
Creation of biological corridors connecting fragmented ecosystems. A study conducted on agrovoltaic projects in France showed that biodiversity increased by 35% compared to conventional agricultural land.
Sustainability is not just about preserving the environment, but also about ensure economic and social development of rural communities. Agrovoltaics offers new employment opportunities, additional income and improvements in local infrastructure.
Job creation in the installation, operation and maintenance of the systems.
Diversification of income Diversification of income for farmers, who can generate profits from both food production and energy sales.
Investments in rural infrastructure, such as more efficient irrigation systems or electrification of isolated communities.
A notable example is the project in Castile and León, where the implementation of agrovoltaic systems has contributed to local job creation and improved farmers' incomes.
Agrovoltaics is not only a technological solution, but also a comprehensive model for addressing the challenges of climate change and promoting sustainable development in rural areas. Its ability to reduce emissions, conserve natural resources and improve the rural economy makes it a key tool in the fight against climate change. With adequate support in public policy and financing, its adoption can make a significant difference globally.
In future publications, we will explore the technological innovations that are driving its development and the investment opportunities for smallholder farmers.
